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SAS SSDs

by Zsolt Kerekes, editor

Serial Attached SCSI Solid State Drives - directory, news and market timeline.
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SAS SSD - market timeline - 2001 to 2011 - from SSD history

The SAS SSD market today is a significant niche market within the enterprise SSD market. But it is overshadowed by 3 related markets.
  • fibre-channel SSDs - which started long before SAS SSDs - (the first rackmount FC SAN SSDs shipped in the late 1990s - and 3.5" FC SSDs were shipping more than 5 years before the first SAS SSDs).
  • SATA SSDs - which started just immediately before SAS SSDs and dampened the early years of demand for SAS SSDs
  • PCIe SSDs which started later than the SAS SSD market but creamed off most of the market for what would have been high end SAS SSDs - if PCIe SSDs hadn't existed
The SAS SSD market was the slowest part of the SSD market to take off - in the post "SSD awareness" era. For many years there were only 1 or 2 vendors in the market.

As the editor of StorageSearch.com I was actively reporting on - and our readers were actively influencing - the growth of both SSDs and the SAS market.

Here's the timeline from the birth of SAS to the preliminary phases of the SAS SSD market.

the birth of Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) storage

November 2001 - leading vendors announced they would collaborate to set up a working group to develop and co-ordinate a new interface standard which would be called "Serial Attached SCSI". StorageSearch.com became the 1st publisher to set up a dedicated directory to report on news and developments related to SAS storage.

users say they need SAS SSDs

January 2005 - the SSD buyers survey showed SAS SSDs as the 8th most desirable SSD interface to meet buyers' future needs. (No SAS SSDs were available in the market at that time.)

1st SAS SSD ships to customers

April 2005 - Solid Access Technologies made the first SSD with a SAS interface. It was a rackmount RAM SSD.

1st flash SAS SSD

August 2007 - STEC announced it was designing a 3.5" SAS SSD.

December 2008 - Hitachi and Intel announced they were jointly designing a new range of high IOPS flash SSDs with SAS interfaces - expected to ship in Q1 2010.

SAS SSD market starts to bubble

January 2009 - As the number of oems talking about SAS SSDs headed towards double digits - StorageSearch.com launched a dedicated directory page for SAS SSDs.

May 2009 - StorageSearch.com disclosed that searches for SAS SSDs had overtaken searches for FC compatible SSDs.

February 2010 - Gartner estimates cited in the article - the Evolving Enterprise SSD - suggest that the SAS SSD market size may reach approximately 2 million units in 2013.

June 2010 - SAS SSD oems list on StorageSearch.com reaches 14 companies with announcement by Super Talent Technology.

August 2010 - SMART started sampling the XceedIOPS SAS SSD - a 2.5" 400GB eMLC SSD with 26,000 / 20,000 R/W IOPS and 250/230 MB/s sustained throughput.

October 2010 - SandForce announced availability of its SF-2000 family SSD processors - for oems designing SAS 3 class (6Gbps) enterprise acceleration SSDs.

March 2011 - Seagate announced details of new 2.5" SAS SSDs - marketed under its Pulsar brand due to ship in the 2nd quarter.

May 2011 - SanDisk acquired Pliant Technology for approximately $327 million.
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SSD ad - click for more info
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SAS SSD manufacturers list
Foremay

Hitachi

InnoDisk

Nimbus Data Systems

OCZ

Pliant Technology

RunCore

SanDisk

Seagate

SMART Modular Technologies

Solid Access Technologies

STEC

Super Talent Technology

Toshiba

Unigen

Viking Modular Solutions
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articles about SAS

Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Storage
Serial Attached SCSI - is it worth the wait?
Serial Attached SCSI: New Interface, New Storage Rack?
the Benefits of Serial Attached SCSI for External Subsystems
Serial Attached SCSI - Delivering Flexibility to the Data Center
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the 3 fastest PCIe SSDs?
Are you tied up in knots trying to shortlist flash SSD accelerators ranked according to published comparative benchmarks?

You know the sort of thing I mean - where a magazine compares 10 SSDs or a blogger compares 2 SSDs against each other. It would be nice to have a shortlist so that you don't have to waste too much of your own valuable time testing unsuitable candidates wouldn't it?

StorageSearch's long running fastest SSDs directory typically indicates 1 main product in each form factor category but those examples may not be compatible with your own ecosystem.

If so a new article - the 3 fastest PCIe SSDs list (or is it really lists?) may help you cut that Gordian knot. Hmm... you may be thinking that StorageSearch's editor never gives easy answers to SSD questions if more complicated ones are available.
the 3 fastest  PCIe SSDs  - click to read article But in this case you'd be wrong. (I didn't say you'd like the answers, though.) ...read the article

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2012 - Year of the Enterprise SSD Goldrush
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SAS SSD news
STEC prospecting for more enterprise SSD business

Editor:- January 17, 2012 - STEC announced that industry veteran Vaughn Miller has joined the company's Systems and Software Group as VP of Business Development.

Mr. Miller is responsible for developing business opportunities with OEMs and ISVs that focus on enterprise applications.

During the past 16 years, Mr. Miller held various key management positions in business development for Cisco Systems, NeoPath Networks, Acopia Networks (acquired by F5 Networks, Inc.), NetApp and Auspex Systems. Prior to his roles in business development, Mr. Miller served as an engineer for Landmark Graphics (a Halliburton company) and Modcomp.

OCZ samples terabyte dual port 6Gbps 2.5" SAS SSDs
Editor:- November 29, 2011 - OCZ has started sampling dual port 6Gbps SAS SSDs in a smaller form factor - the Talos 2 SAS SSD provides upto 70,000 4K IOPS (75R/25W) and upto 1TB capacity in 2.5" (previously only available from the company in the larger 3.5" size).

To cater for different applications and markets OCZ is offering MLC, eMLC, and SLC NAND flash versions. The new SSDs include protection against sudden power loss and have the option to enable T10-DIF (Data Integrity Field) in addition to the native SandForce SSD data integrity to ensure end to end data integrity.

Editor's comments:- which of these 2 new SAS SSDs will be better for you? - The ZeusIOPS XE (from STEC) or the Talos 2 (from OCZ).

One thing's for sure - you can't just decide from looking at the press releases.

Price is a very important factor too - particularly if your app involves heavy duty caching - you may decide that to get the same reliability you end up comparing an MLC SSD managed by CellCare (the STEC offer) to an eMLC (or even SLC) SSD managed by DuraClass (the OCZ offer).

Or based on your past experience with these suppliers you may apply your own adjustment factor to their price projections and reliability projections.

Or based on who you are - you may not score highly enough to get your hands on early evaluation samples at all.

And that's before you even start looking at what SanDisk might do with their Lightning or what WD might do with the Ultrastar when they get it from Hitachi GST.

One consolation may be that there are less controllers to choose from in the SAS market than when you look at PCIe SSDs.



STEC samples Extreme Endurance SAS MLC SSDs for caching

Editor:- November 29, 2011 - STEC has started sampling a new high endurance MLC SSD - based on its proprietary CellCare technology - the new ZeusIOPS XE (Extreme Endurance) is a 6Gbps SAS SSD family, available in 1.8", 2.5" and 3.5" sizes (300GB or 600GB) and supports at least 30 full capacity writes per day, every day, for 5 years.

Latency is upto 50 microseconds. Sustained R/W throughput is upto 500MB/s and 275MB/s respectively and random IOPS is upto 38,000 8K (70R/30W). STEC says the new SSDs (based on 32nm MLC) are suited for write-intensive applications with the high endurance necessary to support server-side caching, auto-tiering, metadata management and logging, and analytics.


SSD protection technology wins best of show award for SMART

Editor:- August 15, 2011 - SMART today announced that its Guardian technology - which provides enterprise grade data integrity in MLC SSDs - has been chosen by the Flash Memory Summit as a Best of Show award winner for 2011 in the category of Most Innovative Flash Memory Enterprise Business Application.

Editor's comments:- SMART recently launched a new range of 2.5" SAS SSDs which provide upto 1.6TB usable capacity, 100K/50K random IOPS and 500/500MB/s sustained transfer rates - which incoporate the above technologies.


SanDisk samples new SAS SSDs

Editor:- June 20, 2011 - SanDisk has expanded its Lightning range (2.5" and 3.5" SAS skinny flash SSDs) which now offer upto 800GB MLC capacity are being delivered for OEM qualification, and will be available via authorized channel partners in Q3, 2011.

The new Lightning SSDs (recently acquired from Pliant) feature Write Through Logging (WTL) technology which delivers high performance at low queue depths to avoid volatility that would otherwise require battery back-up or supercapacitors for protection. WTL operation is completely transparent to the host and maintains a predictable performance profile across different workloads. This write cache-less design eliminating data loss on power interruptions, delivering consistent performance across a wide range of workloads.

See also:- Power, Speed and Strength Metaphors in SSD brands, Pliant Technology - SSD Bookmarks.


OCZ samples new SAS SSD

Editor:- May 15, 2011 - OCZ is sampling a new 3.5" SAS SSD in its Talos family.

The new product has upto 960GB MLC capacity and upto 60K IOPS.


Seagate's new 2.5" SAS SSDs

Editor:- March 15, 2011 - Seagate announced details of new 2.5" SAS SSDs - marketed under its Pulsar brand - which will ship in the 2nd quarter.

Available capacities are 400GB (SLC) and 800GB (MLC). R/W speeds are upto 360MB/s and 300MB/s respectively. Sustainable random R/W IOPS are 48K and 22K respectively. Endurance is quoted as 35 / 10 full drive writes per day SLC / MLC. Unrecoverable read errors (data integrity) for the SLC model are 1 in 1016 . Seagate also quotes a permissive rate of ambient temperature change for its MLC SSD - which is something else we may be hearing more about in future.

Editor's comments:- one of the problems Seagate has in being a latecomer to the SSD market is that it hasn't yet racked up enough "million customer operating years" to support reliability messages tagged to the new SSD launch. So instead it's using cross over references from its HDD business - as in this statement - "Over 200 man-years of development went into the 2nd-generation Pulsar SSD products, with enterprise reliability verified by a team with over 1,500 collective years of experience in the storage industry."

SSD market history in recent years teaches us that experience in other markets (even within the semiconductor industry) doesn't always guarantee that new SSD designs will be as reliable, trouble free or as fast as their creators anticipate. That's because many new design features in flash SSD architectures get their first reality checks in the market. I expect that if all goes well - next year Seagate's new SSD announcements will start referring back to their SSD market track record. And if all doesn't go well - we're hear about it on these news pages.


IBM uses SAS SSDs from SMART in supercomputer

Editor:- November 22, 2010 - SMART announced that its XceedIOPS SAS 2.5" solid state drive (SSD) will be used in new models of IBM POWER7 supercomputers instead of hard drives.

John Scaramuzzo, General Manager for SMART's Storage Business Unit said - "The selection criteria for SSDs has moved beyond HDD replacement, as innovative designers such as those at IBM use the qualities of enterprise-grade SSDs to significantly enhance their products' performance, data integrity, and reliability."


Hitachi samples STEC / Pliant class enterprise SSDs

Editor:- November 16, 2010 - Hitachi announced it was sampling 3.5" FC SSDs and 2.5" SAS SSDs with upto 400GB SLC capacity and 535MB/s read and 500MB/s write throughput (6Gb/s SAS) 46,000 / 13,000 R/W IOPS.


SandForce shows SSD controller for 6Gbps SAS

Editor:- October 7, 2010 - SandForce today announced availability of its next generation SF-2000 family SSD processors - for oems designing SAS 3 class (6Gbps) enterprise acceleration SSDs.

The SF-2000 supports 500MB/s sequential R/W, 60,000 sustained random IOPS, wire speed encryption, end to end data integrity checks and industrial temperature operation in a skinny flash SSD architecture.

Also new in this controller generation is support for sector sizes additional to 512-bytes e.g., 520, 524, 528, 4K, etc., with Data Integrity Field (DIF) for true enterprise-class SAS drive behavior and performance.

Editor's comments:- one simple way of looking at the SF-2000 would be as an incremental x2 version of what SandForce has done before - which also demonstrates that the glass ceiling for their architecture is much higher than some people might have thought.

In a briefing yesterday I learned a lot more about the new chip and got answers from SandForce to a bunch of technology and marketing questions. I'll post these in more detail in a special article on the SSD controllers page tomorrow.


STEC samples 3.5" RAM SSD

Editor:- September 20, 2010 - STEC today announced it is sampling a new 3.5" dual port SAS compatible RAM SSD - the ZeusRAM SSD - with 8GB capacity and under 23 microseconds average latency and internal flash backup.

Editor's comments:- RAM SSDs don't have the "play it again Sam... as time goes by" syndrome inherent in flash SSDs - because they have genuinely low repeat write latency and can be 10x to 20x faster. In some applications that's a difference worth paying for.

The 1st 3.5" RAM SSD featured on these pages - was the MegaRam-35 (in June 2002) which was a parallel SCSI SSD from Imperial Technology. A year later in 2003 - Curtis marketed a 3.5" fibre-channel RAM SSD - the HyperXCLR - which for many years held the speed records in that form factor. The Curtis unit is still available as too is a similar product from Density Dynamics.


Pliant does U turn in $A$ SSDs

Editor:- September 8, 2010 - Pliant Technology announced it is sampling MLC versions of its 2.5" SAS SSD family with upto 400GB capacity and >10K sustained IOPS.

Editor's comments:- new dynasty SSD maker Fusion-io has successfully demonstrated that there is a healthy market appetite for MLC SSDs in some "enterprise apps". How many is "some"? Enough to make a VC wake up in your powerpoint presentation!

Most new 2.5" SSD makers are taking the opposite route to Pliant in that the majority started with consumer grade (MLC) SSD products with SATA interfaces and are busily reworking their products to add SAS (spelt $A$) so they can charge higher prices.

Pliant - on the other hand - made a conservative choice by launching only SLC SSDs when it started sampling its 1st SSDs 12 months ago. Will Pliant add SATA SSDs to its line up too? - Unlikely it could survive in that fiercely competitive market. But if the company is still around in another 12 months - I wouldn't be surprised to see them extend their range with a PCIe SSD. Because you have to give enterprise customers what they want. Even if the market appears inconsistent about what it wants. If the money is there you have to pay attention.


SMART samples 400GB 2.5" SAS eMLC SSD

Editor:- August 17, 2010 - SMART entered the crowding SAS SSD market with the announcement that it is sampling the XceedIOPS SAS SSD - a 2.5" 400GB eMLC SSD with 26,000 / 20,000 R/W IOPS and 250/230 MB/s sustained throughput.

The new XceedIOPS SAS SSD offers high reliability and data integrity due to extensive error-correction and detection capabilities, multi-level data-path and code protection, data-fail recovery, and data-integrity monitoring. Designed to minimize power surges in SSD arrays the the XceedIOPS SAS SSD supports staggered power-on.


Infortrend joins the STEC inside club

Editor:- July 22, 2010 - Infortrend today announced it will use STEC's ZeusIOPS (SAS SSDs) in its ESVA F60 product line (FC RAID systems).


and Super Talent... brings SAS SSD headcount to 14

Editor:- June 21, 2010 - Super Talent Technology entered the 2.5" SAS SSD market by announcing imminent shipments of its ShuttleCraft brand - which includes SLC and MLC models with capacities upto 240GB .
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Serial Attached SCSI readers click here for other storage news
Megabyte had already mastered serial SCSI
for rotating storage - so SAS SSDs were easy

SAS SSDs - from OCZ - Talos C Series
3.5" SAS SSDs
Talos C Series - from OCZ

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and sustains over time.
Learn more about - Virident FlashMAX

SMART Optimus SSD - click for more info
2.5" SAS flash SSDs - upto 1.6TB
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